高一英語語法基礎點睛:有關英語句子的考點講解、訓練
來源:高考網(wǎng)整理 2009-09-29 10:27:28
高一系列復習資料(5)有關英語句子的考點集匯,講解和訓練
七、句子種類
【考點直擊】
按照句子的用途,英語句子可分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。按照句子的結構,英語句子可分為簡單句、并列句和復合句。中考對句子的考查主要集中在以下幾個方面:
1. 陳述句的構成形式及基本用法;
2. 祈使句的構成形式及基本用法;
3. 一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句、反意疑問句的構成形式及基本用法;
4. 由what, how引導的感嘆句的構成形式、用法及區(qū)別
對于各種從句的用法我們在后面分別論述。
【名師點睛】
一. 陳述句的構成形式及基本用法
1. 陳述句:
陳述句是用來陳述一個事實或表達說話人看法(包括肯定和否定)的句子。通常用降調(diào),句末用句號"."。
Tom has a new car.
The flower isn't beautiful.
2. 陳述句否定式的構成
(1) 如果肯定陳述句的謂語部分含有助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或連系動詞be,則只需在這些動詞后加not即可構成否定式。
He is playing the guitar.(肯定)
He is not playing the guitar.(否定)
We can get there before dark.(肯定)
We can't get thee before dark.(否定)
(2) 如果陳述句的謂語動詞是實義動詞,而其中又沒有情態(tài)動詞或助動詞時,則需根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)在該實義動詞前加don't, doesn't或didn't。同時把該實義動詞變?yōu)樵巍?/p>
He plays the violin well.(肯定)
He doesn't play the violin well.(否定)
She won the game.(肯定)
She didn't win the game.(否定)
(3) 如果句子是there be結構或謂語動詞是have(有),除了be和have之后加not之外,句中如果有some要變?yōu)閍ny。例如:
There is some water in the cup. →There is not any water in the cup.
He has some books. →He has not any books.
(4) 除not以外,否定詞no, never, nothing, nobody, few等也可構成否定句。例如:
There is something wrong with his bike. →There is nothing wrong with his bike.
I have seen the film. →I have never seen the film.
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