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高考英語考點(diǎn)典型陷阱題分析-冠詞

來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò) 2009-09-07 11:48:43

[標(biāo)簽:高考 英語]

  ◆典型陷阱題分析◆

  1. “Do you know ______ English for ‘帥哥’?” “I’m afraid I don’t. I’m not interested in _______ English language.”

  A. the, the

  B. the, 不填

  C. 不填, the

  D. 不填, 不填

  【陷阱】容易誤選D,因?yàn)楸硎菊Z言的名詞前通常不用冠詞。

  【分析】最佳答案為A。在英語中,表示語言的名詞前通常不用冠詞,但在某些特殊情況下可用冠詞。如:

  (1) 當(dāng)語言名詞表特指意義,其前可用定冠詞。如:

  The English spoken in America and Canada is a little different from that spoken in England. 美國和加拿大講的英語與英國講的英語有點(diǎn)不同。

  (2) 當(dāng)語言名詞表示某一語言中的對(duì)應(yīng)詞時(shí),其前要用定冠詞。如:

  What’s the English for this? 這個(gè)東西用英語怎么說?

  (3) 當(dāng)在語言名詞后加上 language一詞時(shí),也要用冠詞。如:

  There have been many changes in the history of the English language. 英語發(fā)展過程中有很多變革。

  2. I couldn’t remember the exact date of the storm, but I knew it was ______ Sunday because everybody was at ______ church.

  A. a, the

  B. a, 不填

  C. 不填, a

  D. 不填, 不填

  【陷阱】容易誤選D,因?yàn)樾瞧诿~前不加冠詞;而 at church 表示在教堂里做禮拜,其中也不用冠詞。

  【分析】最佳答案為B。確實(shí),在通常情況下星期名詞前不用冠詞,但在某些特殊情況下還是可以用冠詞的,如表示特指,其前可用定冠詞;表示“某一個(gè)”或受描繪性定語修飾表示“某種”這樣的意義等,其前可用不定冠詞。如:

  He came on the Sunday and went away on the Monday. 他星期日來,星期一就走了。

  My birthday happened to be on a Saturday. 我的生日碰巧是星期六。

  3.Which person do you refer to, the one with ______ long hair or the one with _______ long beard?

  A. a, a

  B. 不填,不填

  C. a, 不填

  D. 不填,a

  【陷阱】誤選A或B,認(rèn)為hair(頭發(fā))和beard(胡須)性質(zhì)和用法應(yīng)該差不多,要么都可數(shù),要么都不可數(shù),或者說要么都用不定冠詞,要么都不用。

  【分析】最佳答案選D。hair 和 beard 在用法上并不完全相同:hair 可用作可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,用作可數(shù)名詞時(shí),指一根一根的毛發(fā)或頭發(fā),如說 There’s a hair in my soup (我的湯里有根頭發(fā));用作不可數(shù)名詞(集合名詞)時(shí),則是整體地指一個(gè)人的頭發(fā)。比較:

  He has gray hairs. 他有幾根白發(fā)了。

  He has gray hair. 他滿頭白發(fā)了。

  而beard 則通常只用作可數(shù)名詞,且指的是一個(gè)人所有的胡須,而不是指一根胡須,它的復(fù)數(shù)形式,通常是指多個(gè)人的胡須,而不是指多根胡須,如:

  He no longer wears a beard. 他不再留胡須。

  Not all men grow beards. 并不是所有的男人都留胡須。

  4. I once watched _______ one-act play, which was played by _______ 11-year-old boy.

  A. a, a

  B. an, an

  C. a, an

  D. an, a

  【陷阱】幾個(gè)干擾均有可能誤選。

  【分析】最佳答案填C。第一空填 a,因?yàn)?one-act 的讀音是[??????],它的第一個(gè)音是輔音不是元音;第二空填an,是因?yàn)?11的英文是 eleven[??????],它的第一個(gè)音是元音不是輔音。類似以下各題的答案是 C 不是其他:

  (1) Before he was arrested, he had taken _______ one-month holiday, and stayed in the country with ________ 18-year-old girl, one of his students.

  A. a, a

  B. an, an

  C. a, an

  D. an, a

  (2) We hired _______ one-eyed man to play in our film, and we gave him _______ 100-pound check for just one minute.

  A. a, an

  B. an, a

  C. a, a

  D. an, an

  5. “Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _____ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.”

  A. a, the

  B. the, the

  C. a, a

  D. the, a

  【陷阱】誤選A,生搬硬套冠詞用法規(guī)則:第一次提到某人或某事物用不定冠詞,第二次再提到該人或該事物時(shí)用定冠詞。

  【分析】最佳答案為C。第一空填a,比較好理解;而第二空填a是因?yàn)榇司渲械膐ne 并非指前面提到的 pen,即這里的 one 與前面的 pen 并非同一事物,這從后面一句的 I think I saw it somewhere 可以清楚地知道。請(qǐng)比較下面一題:

  “Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _____ black one? I found it in the corner.”

  A. a, the

  B. the, the

  C. a, a

  D. the, a

  此題的最佳答案是 A不是C。請(qǐng)注意其后 I found it in the corner這一信息,它表明說明者是拿著筆在與對(duì)方說話。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏匆粋(gè)類似的例子:

  “Have you seen _______ new bike? I put it here just now.” “Is it _______ white one? A boy has ridden it away.”

  A. a; a

  B. a; the

  C. the; the

  D. the; a

  此題答案選A,注意其后的 A boy has ridden it away 表明自行車已不在說話者身旁。

  6. My friend Mary is _____ beautiful girl and _____ girl everyone likes to work with.

  A. a, a

  B. a, the

  C. the, a

  D. the, the

  【陷阱】很容易誤選B,認(rèn)為第一次提到 girl 用不定冠詞,第二次提到就應(yīng)該用定冠詞。

  【分析】最佳答案為A。句中第二次提到 girl 時(shí)并不是特指的,此句實(shí)為一省略句,補(bǔ)充完整為 My friend Mary is a beautiful girl and she is a girl everyone likes to work with. 請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鲆韵略囶}(答案選A):

  (1) Jim is _______ brave boy and _______ boy never fearing anything.

  A. a, a

  B. a, the

  C. the, a

  D. the, the

  (2) It is really _______ useful dictionary and _______ dictionary every one of us needs.

  A. a, a

  B. a, the

  C. the, a

  D. the, the

  ◆精編陷阱題訓(xùn)練◆

  1. Since tasting the excitement of _____ big city life, she never wants to live in _____ country again.

  A. the, the

  B. 不填,不填

  C. the, 不填

  D. 不填,the

  2. The operation is _____ success and the patient is now out of _____ danger.

  A. a, the

  B. a, 不填

  C. 不填, the

  D. 不填,不填

  3. As _____ writer, he was _____ complete failure.

  A. a, a

  B. a, the

  C. 不填,不填

  D. a, 不填

  4. How strange! These years my birthday always falls _____.

  A. on the Sunday

  B. on a Sunday

  C. on Sunday

  D. at a Sunday

  5. This is _____ best kind of _____ pen you can get here.

  A. the, the

  B. the, a

  C. the, 不填

  D. a, the

  6. As is known to us all, _____ tiger is in _____ danger of becoming extinct.

  A. the, a

  B. the, 不填

  C. a, 不填

  D. 不填, the

  7. He spent too much time talking on ______ phone while we were all busy at _____ work.

  A. the, 不填

  B. a, 不填

  C. 不填, 不填

  D. the, the

  8. As _______ unemployment is very high at the moment, it’s very difficult for people to find _______ work.

  A. the, 不填

  B.不填,不填

  C. the, a

  D. an, the

  9. Apartments in cities can be quite high. Renters are paying up to $1,000 per month for _______ bedroom apartment.

  A. one a

  B. the one

  C. one

  D. a one

  10. The education of ______ young is always ______ hot and serious topic.

  A. 不填, 不填

  B. the, a

  C. 不填, the

  D. the, 不填

  11. I often have conversations with John over ______ telephone, while keep in touch with Tom by ______ letter.

  A. 不填;the

  B. 不填;a

  C. the;不填

  D. the; a

  12. —John has put forward _______ most challenging question for us to answer.

  —Yes, it really is. I have never heard _______ harder one.

  A. the; 不填

  B. 不填; the

  C. the; the

  D. a; a

  13. “What about ______ school?” “It is as good, as anybody can see, _____ school as No 1 Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University.”

  A. a; the

  B. the; a

  C. a; a

  D. the; the

  14. The market for ______ used computers is getting larger and larger as______ years go on.

  A. 不填, 不填

  B. the, 不填

  C. the, the

  D. 不填, the

  15. “Charley Oakley, ______ NBA All-star, hasn’t missed ______ game in the past three years.” “I can hardly believe it.”

  A. an; the

  B. a; the

  C. the; a

  D. an; a

  16. In the market, vegetables are sold by _______ kilogram, I mean, by _______ weight.

  A. the; 不填

  B.不填; 不填

  C. the; the

  D.不填;the

  17. Many people agree that ______ knowledge of English is a must in _______ international trade today.

  A. the, an

  B. a, 不填

  C. the, the

  D. 不填, the

  18. The cakes are delicious. I’d like to have _______ third one as _______ second one I ate was too small.

  A. the, the

  B. a, the

  C. the, a

  D. a, a

  19. ________ England of those years was _______ England in peace.

  A. 不填, 不填

  B. The, an

  C. The, 不填

  D. 不填, an

  20. — Did you happen to see _______ black and _______ white cat?

  — Are they missing? I told you to take care of them.

  A. a; 不填

  B. the; 不填

  C. the; the

  D. a; the

  【答案與解析】

  1.

  選D,big city life 表泛指,其前不用冠詞;country 表示“農(nóng)村”時(shí),其前習(xí)慣上要用定冠詞。

  2.

  選B,success 在此指“成功的事”,為可數(shù)名詞;out of danger(脫離危險(xiǎn))為習(xí)語,其中不用冠詞。

  3.

  選A,其中的 failure 在此指“失敗的人”,為可數(shù)名詞。

  4.

  選B,Sunday 前用不定冠詞,表示“某一個(gè)”。

  5.

  選C,kind of 后的名詞通常不用冠詞。

  6.

  選B,當(dāng)概括事物的種類時(shí),用定冠詞,不用不定冠詞;另外in danger of 是短語,不用冠詞。

  7.

  選 A。on the phone 和 at work 均為習(xí)語,其中一個(gè)帶冠詞,一個(gè)不帶冠詞。

  8.

  選 B。unemployment 和 work 均為不可數(shù)名詞,表示一般意義時(shí)其前不用冠詞。

  9.

  選 D。a one bedroom apartment 意為“一套只帶一間臥室的套房”。

  10.

  選B。the young 意為“年輕人”,定冠詞用于某些形容詞前表示一類人或事物;第二空填不定冠詞修飾名詞 topic。

  11.

  選 A。over [on] the telephone 為習(xí)語,意為“通過電話”;若用 by telephone 則不用冠詞,類似地,by letter(通過信件)也不用冠詞。

  12.

  選D。第一空后的most不是構(gòu)成最高級(jí),而是表示“很”、“十分”,故其前用a;第二空也填a,該句為 I have never heard a harder one than this one 的省略。

  13.

  選B。第一空填the,表特指;第二空填a,表泛指,as good a school as No. Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University 意為“與湖南師大附中一樣好的一所中學(xué)”。

  14.

  選A。used computers 與 years 均為復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示泛指意思,其前不用冠詞。

  15.

  選D。NBA中的 N 讀音為 [??],即前面一個(gè)音為元音,故填an不填a;第二空填a表泛指,泛指任何一場(chǎng)比賽。

  16.

  選A。介詞by表示“以…計(jì)”時(shí),若后接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,其前要用定冠詞,如:by the week 按周,按星期 / by the ton 按噸 / by the yard 按碼 / by the meter 按米;若后接抽象名詞,則通常不用冠詞,如:by volume 按體積 / by weight 按重量。

  17.

  選B。knowledge 雖為不可數(shù)名詞,但其前卻可用不定冠詞,表示某種程度的知識(shí),有類似some的意思;第二空不填冠詞,是因?yàn)閠rade 為不可數(shù)名詞,表示泛指時(shí)不用冠詞。

  18.

  選B。序數(shù)詞前通常用定冠詞,表示特指(如第一空);有時(shí)也用不定冠詞,表示原有數(shù)量上的增加(如第一空)。

  19.

  選B。原則上說,專有名詞前不用冠詞,但在些特殊情況下也可用冠詞。此題第一空填定冠詞,表特指,即指“那時(shí)的英國”;第二空填不定冠詞,表示具有某種特征。

  20.

  選C。Are they missing? 中的代詞they 是一個(gè)很重要的信息詞,它表明上文中的 _______ black and _______ white cat 是兩只貓而不是一只貓,所以C。the black and white cat 可視為 the black cat and the white cat 之省略。若選A,則表示“一只黑白相間的貓”。

 

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