高考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)
2021-09-25 17:31:59高考網(wǎng)整理
高考英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)
高頻考點(diǎn)一 動(dòng)詞詞義辨析
例1．(2019·江蘇卷)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A．resembling B．reflecting
C．reviewing D．restoring
【答案】B
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：城市是人的手和思想的產(chǎn)物，它反映了人類的智慧和創(chuàng)造力。resemble“看起來像”；reflect“反映”；review“檢查”；restore“恢復(fù)”。
【舉一反三】【2018·江蘇】22. Kids?shouldn’t?have?access?to?violent?films?because?they?might?_______ the?things?they see.
A. indicate B. investigate
C. imitate D. innovate
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：孩子不應(yīng)該接觸暴力電影，因?yàn)樗麄円苍S會(huì)模仿他們所見的事情。A. indicate指示；B. investigate調(diào)查；C. imitate模仿；D. innovate改革。故選C。
【變式探究】When the time came to make the final decision for a course , I decided to apply for the one that ______my interest.
A. limited B. reserved C. reflected D. spoiled
【答案】C
【解析】句意：當(dāng)最后決定課程的時(shí)候到了，我決定申請(qǐng)能反映我興趣的課程。A.限制；B.保留；C.反映，反射；D.寵壞。故選C。
【變式探究】While intelligent people can often ______ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
A．sacrifice B．substitute
C．simplify D．survive
【答案】C
【解析】句意：聰明的人常常能把復(fù)雜的事情簡(jiǎn)單化，而愚蠢的人更可能把簡(jiǎn)單的問題復(fù)雜化。根據(jù)句意可知，這里用simplify與后面的the simple對(duì)應(yīng)，the complex與后面的complicate呼應(yīng)。sacrifice“犧牲”；substitute“代替”；survive“幸存”。
【舉一反三】A good listener takes part in the conversation, ________ ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.
A．realizing B．copying
C．offering D．misunderstanding
【答案】C
【解析】句意：善于傾聽的人在談話的時(shí)候，往往會(huì)提出想法和問題，從而使得談話能流暢地進(jìn)行下去。offer“提供，主動(dòng)提出”，符合句意。realize“意識(shí)到”；copy“復(fù)制”；misunderstand“誤解”。
高頻考點(diǎn)二 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析
例2．(2019·江蘇卷)More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for clean energy.
A．take up B．clear up
C．hold up D．spring up
【答案】D
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：為了滿足清潔能源的要求，更多的風(fēng)力發(fā)電站將涌現(xiàn)出來。take up“占據(jù)，從事”；clear up“清理”；hold up“舉起，阻礙”；spring up“迅速出現(xiàn)，突然興起”。
【舉一反三】【2018·天津】At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up
C. broke in D. turned up
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意：起初，羅伯特不愿讓他女兒去潛水，但最終他讓步了，因?yàn)樗龑?duì)她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in屈服，讓步；B. dressed up打扮；C. broke in闖入；打斷；D. turned up出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知，最終他讓步了。故選A。
【變式探究】（2017?天津）Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter _____, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in
【答案】A
【解析】句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他們的女兒安頓下來，結(jié)婚生子。A.安頓下來；B.遠(yuǎn)離；C起床；D.擦嘴。根據(jù)句意，故選A。
【變式探究】Many businesses started up by college students have________thanks to the comfortable climatefor business creation
A.fallen off B. taken off C. turned off D. left off
【答案】B
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。短語(yǔ)fall off跌落，下降；take off起飛，成功，受歡迎；turn off關(guān)閉；leave off停止，中斷；句意：由于良好的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境，很多大學(xué)生創(chuàng)辦的生意都很成功。根據(jù)句意可知B正確。
【變式探究】Mother always complains that children ________ their shoes very quickly.
A．find out B．wash out
C．wear out D．set out
【答案】C
【解析】句意：母親總是抱怨孩子們的鞋很快就穿破了。wear out“用壞，(使)磨損”，符合語(yǔ)境。find out“查明”；wash out“把……洗掉”；set out“啟程，動(dòng)身”。
【舉一反三】Butterflies ________ a sweet liquid produced by flowers, which bees and other insects collect.
A．carry on B．feed on
C．put on D．focus on
【答案】B
【解析】句意：蝴蝶以花產(chǎn)生的一種甜甜的液體為食，蜜蜂和別的昆蟲則采集這種液體。carry on“繼續(xù)”；feed on“以……為食物”；put on“上演，穿上”；focus on“集中(注意力、精力等于……上)”。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選B。
高頻考點(diǎn)三 動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))的熟詞生義
例3.The two countries are going to meet to ________ some barriers to trade between them.
A．make up B．use up
C．turn down D．break down
【答案】D
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這兩個(gè)國(guó)家將要會(huì)面以掃除兩國(guó)之間的貿(mào)易障礙。make up“組成，構(gòu)成，編造，虛構(gòu)，和解”；use up“用完，用光”；turn down“拒絕，調(diào)低”；break down常見熟義：分解，出故障；生義：掃除(障礙)，清除(困難)，失敗。根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞meet(會(huì)面)以及barriers(障礙)可知是掃除障礙。
【舉一反三】Shakespeare’s writing is still popular today.It has really ________ the test of time.
A．failed B．stood
C．taken D．conducted
【答案】B
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：莎士比亞的作品當(dāng)今依舊很受歡迎，它的確經(jīng)受住了時(shí)間的檢驗(yàn)。根據(jù)前一句“Shakespeare’s writing is still popular today.”可推知，后一句意為“莎士比亞的作品經(jīng)受住了(stood)時(shí)間的檢驗(yàn)”。Stand常見熟義：站立，位于；生義：經(jīng)受住，容忍，忍受。Stand the test of time經(jīng)受住了時(shí)間的檢驗(yàn)，故選B項(xiàng)。
【變式探究】The athlete‘s years of hard training ________when she finally won the Olympic gold medal in the 2016 Olympics in Rio De Janeiro.
A．went on B．got through
C．paid off D．ended up
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員最終在2016年里約熱內(nèi)盧奧運(yùn)會(huì)上獲得奧運(yùn)會(huì)金牌時(shí)，她多年的刻苦訓(xùn)練總算得到了回報(bào)。Pay off熟義為“還清”，生義為“取得成功，奏效”，符合句意；go on“繼續(xù)下去”；get through“完成，處理”；end up“最終處于……”。
【舉一反三】We all agreed that the cottage would ________a perfect holiday home for the family.
A．make B．turn
C．take D．have
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我們都認(rèn)為這幢小別墅非常適合全家度假時(shí)居住。make在此為熟詞生義，表示“適合做，宜用作”，符合題意。
1．(2019·江蘇卷)A city is the product of the human hand and mind, ________ man’s intelligence and creativity.
A．resembling B．reflecting
C．reviewing D．restoring
【答案】B
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：城市是人的手和思想的產(chǎn)物，它反映了人類的智慧和創(chuàng)造力。resemble“看起來像”；reflect“反映”；review“檢查”；restore“恢復(fù)”。
2．(2019·江蘇卷)More wind power stations will ________ to meet the demand for clean energy.
A．take up B．clear up
C．hold up D．spring up
【答案】D
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：為了滿足清潔能源的要求，更多的風(fēng)力發(fā)電站將涌現(xiàn)出來。take up“占據(jù)，從事”；clear up“清理”；hold up“舉起，阻礙”；spring up“迅速出現(xiàn)，突然興起”。
3．(2019·天津卷)Kate heard a man’s voice in the background, but she couldn’t ________ what he was saying.
A．set aside B．take back
C．make out D．keep off
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：凱特聽到背景中有一個(gè)男人的聲音，但是聽不清他在說什么。A項(xiàng)意為“暫不考慮”；B項(xiàng)意為“收回”；C項(xiàng)意為“聽清”；D項(xiàng)意為“使避開”。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，應(yīng)選C。
