高考英語完形填空的答題技巧

　　高考英語完形填空題的答題訣竅

　　1. 依據(jù)上下文確定答案的法則：從近幾年的完形填空題看，近義詞或近義短語的測試力度逐漸加強(qiáng)，并成為測試熱點(diǎn)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)不是詞義相近，要不就是近義動詞的同一種時(shí)態(tài)的現(xiàn)象，或名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)搭配。若選項(xiàng)詞義差異很大，必然文章中藏有提示語，正因如此，往往第一個(gè)選項(xiàng)有時(shí)需要讀完全篇短文才能準(zhǔn)確回答。

　　2. 詞語語義與強(qiáng)于語法原則：完型填空題的首句不留空，目的就是告知短文的故事的四要素：地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、人物和事由。再則，單純語法題已基本退出該題型的測試范疇，所以，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生時(shí)，首先要告知他們這類現(xiàn)象。盡管四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞語都符合語法規(guī)則，然而該題的解答必須遵循先全面理解篇章語義，再結(jié)合正確語言結(jié)構(gòu)對每個(gè)空格作出準(zhǔn)確無誤的抉擇。

　　3. 解題四步法原則：

　　第一步：跳讀。帶著空格通讀全文，了解短文大意，判別短文文體，同時(shí)能將會做的題及時(shí)解決掉。

　　第二步：選答。這一步最為關(guān)鍵，要求考生對每一道題進(jìn)行認(rèn)真推敲，但是要告誡他們?nèi)f萬不可按照題的順序答題，對那些不能拿不準(zhǔn)的題先跳過去，遵循先易后難的解題原則。

　　第三步：推敲。這實(shí)際上就是要求考生對完形填空短文的篇章作通盤考慮，把其中一些需要依據(jù)上下文語境來考慮的比較難解答的題，以及句子之間和段落之間的邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)較強(qiáng)的認(rèn)真推敲，甄別，篩選和抉擇。

　　第四步：復(fù)查。這是解答這類題的最后一步，要求考生解完題之后務(wù)必再把文章通讀一遍，從整體上準(zhǔn)確把握文章的真正意思，及時(shí)修改與全文有出入的一些選項(xiàng)。

　　高考英語完形填空練習(xí)題：family shopping

　　Last Friday, after doing all the family shopping in the town. I wanted to have a rest before catching the rain. I __1__ a newspaper and some chocolate and __2__ into the station coffee shop. It was a cheap self-service place with long tables to __3__ at. I put my heavy bag down on the floor, __4__ the newspaper and the chocolate on the table and then went to get a cup of coffee.

　　When I came back with the coffee, There was someone __5__ in the next seat. __6__ was a boy, with dark glasses and old clothes, and __7__ bright red at the front. He had started to eat my chocolate!

　　Naturally, I was rather uneasy about him, but I didn’t want to have any __8__. I just read the newspaper, tasted my coffee and took a bit of chocolate. The boy looked at me in __9__.Then he took a __10__ piece of my chocolate. I could hardly believe it. Still I didn’t say anything to him. When he took a third piece, I felt more angry than uneasy. I thought, ?Well, I shall have the last piece.‖ And I got it.

　　The boy gave me a strange look, then __11__ up. As he left, he shouted out, ?There’s something __12__ with that woman!‖ Everyone looked at me, __13__ I didn’t want to quarrel with the boy, so I kept quiet. I did not realize that I had __14__

　　a mistake until I finished my coffee and was ready to __15__. My face turned red when I saw my unopened chocolate under the newspaper. The chocolate that I had been eating was the boy’s!

　　1. A. stole B. bought C. sold　D. wrote

　　2. A. went　B. sat　C. seated D. looked

　　3. A. sit B. seat　C. lie D. laugh

　　4. A. pushed B. took　C. put D. pulled

　　5. A. jumping　B. playing　C. sitting　D. sleeping

　　6. A. He B. It C. Who D. What

　　7. A. cut B. washed C. covered D. colored

　　8. A. coffee　B. trouble　C. chocolate D. matter

　　9. A. carelessness B. anger C. surprise D. happiness

　　10. A. first　B. second　C. very　D. last

　　11. A. stood B. took C. cried D. looked

　　12. A. strange B. wrong C. OK　D. funny

　　13. A. and B. but　C. so　D. while

　　14. A.

　　spelt B. corrected C. made D. found

　　15. A. finish　B. leave C. jump D. shop

　　答案 　　1. B。為了消磨時(shí)間，―我‖買了報(bào)紙和巧克力，故選bought。

　　2. A。由文章推理出，―我‖走進(jìn)了一家咖啡店，故應(yīng)選went。

　　3. A。 to sit at 是作為tables的后置定語，意為―可以在旁邊就坐的桌子‖ 。

　　4. C。按常理―我‖應(yīng)把報(bào)紙等放在桌子上，而不是推到或拉到桌子上故應(yīng)選 put。

　　5. C。由下文可知，回來時(shí)―我‖發(fā)現(xiàn)他開始吃―我‖的東西，說明他坐在桌旁，故選 sitting。

　　6. A。由下文可知，對方是一個(gè)男子，故用he指代。

　　7. D。頭發(fā)應(yīng)是被染成紅色的，故應(yīng)選colored。

　　8. B。面對這樣一個(gè)男子，―我‖不想惹麻煩，trouble合乎文意為正確選項(xiàng)。

　　9. C。由下文可知，―我‖吃的是這個(gè)男子的巧克力，這引起了對方的某一反應(yīng)，比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，再根據(jù)上文，用名詞surprise比較合乎當(dāng)時(shí)的情形。 　　10. B。習(xí)慣用語―a second + 名詞‖，常用來表示―再一個(gè)，又一個(gè)‖

　　11. A。根據(jù)文意可知那個(gè)男孩起身要走，故選擇stood。

　　12. B。男孩生氣了，必定說了發(fā)泄的話，比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)wrong為最佳選擇。

　　13. B。男孩罵了―我‖導(dǎo)致大家都朝―我‖看，而―我‖不想與他爭吵，可見―我‖的反應(yīng)與上文描述的氣氛恰恰相反，故選擇but構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 　　14. C。固定搭配make a mistake意為―犯了個(gè)錯誤‖。

　　15. B。―我‖ 在喝完咖啡準(zhǔn)備離開時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的過錯，故應(yīng)選leave。

　　高考英語完形填空練習(xí)資料：accident

　　Charlie came from a poor village. His parents had __1__ money to send him to school when he was young. The boy was very sad. Mr. King lived next to him. He found the boy __2__ and had pity on him and lent some money to him. So the boy could go to school. He studied hard and __3__ all his lessons. When he finished middle school, the man introduced him to his friend in the town. And he began to work. 　　Once Mr. King was seriously hurt in an accident. Dying, he asked Charlie to take care of his daughter, Sharon. The young man __4__ and several years later he married the girl. He loved her very much and tried his best to make her happy. He often bought beautiful clothes and delicious food for her. He was good at cooking and he cooked __5__ for her. So she became very fat and she felt it difficult to walk. And one day she found there was something wrong with her heart. Her husband wasn’t at home and she had to go to __6__ at once. The doctors looked her over and told her __7__ eat meat, sugar, chocolate and things like these. She was afraid __8__ the doctor’s words and wrote all the names of the food on the paper. When she got home, she put the list on the table and __9__. When she returned home that afternoon, she found many kinds of food: meat, sugar and chocolate in the kitchen. Charlie was busy __10__ there. As soon as he saw her, he said happily, ?I’ve bought all the food you like, dear!‖ 　　1. A. no B. some C. much　D. enough 　　2. A. lazy　B. clever　C. careful　D. hard

　　3. A. did well in B. was poor at C. was working D. was good for

　　4. A. was angry B. thought hard C. agreed　D. said ?No

　　5. A. a little B. a few C. many　D. a lot

　　6. A. rest B. sleep C. hospital　D. work

　　7. A. should　B. would　C. to　D. not to

　　8. A. to remember B. to forget C. to catch　D. to teach

　　9. A. slept B. went out C. cooked D. ate

　　10. A. reading　B. seeing　C. cooking　D. writing

　　答案簡析

　　1. A。查理家境貧困，父母沒有錢資助他上學(xué)，故選no。

　　2. B。根據(jù)下文，查理不負(fù)眾望，說明他聰明好學(xué)，故選clever。

　　3. A。查理學(xué)習(xí)刻苦，并順利完成了學(xué)業(yè)，說明他各門功課成績較好，故選did well in。D選項(xiàng)介詞用錯，正確詞組為was good at。

　　4. C。根據(jù)下文查理娶了金先生女兒為妻并精心呵護(hù)她，說明查理同意了金先生的請求，故選agreed。

　　5. D。根據(jù)下文妻子胖得不能走路，說明她食物吃得多。此外食物為不可數(shù)名詞，因此只能用a lot of來修飾。

　　6. C。心臟不好，應(yīng)去醫(yī)院檢查，下文指出為她檢查的正是醫(yī)生，故選hospital。

　　7. D。由于她的病是因營養(yǎng)過剩引起的，醫(yī)生應(yīng)讓她不要吃肉，糖果之類的食物，故選not to。

　　8. B。她害怕忘了醫(yī)生的指示，因此將其寫在紙上，故選to forget。

　　9. B。與下文相對應(yīng)，這里應(yīng)填went out。

　　10. C。擅長烹飪的查理將菜買回之后，肯定要忙著為愛妻做飯，故cooking為正確答案。