高三英語(yǔ)教案：《the science of the stars》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

　　●重點(diǎn)單詞

　　1．a(chǎn)stronomy n．天文學(xué)→astronomer n．天文學(xué)家

　　2．system n．系統(tǒng)；體系；制度

　　3．theory n．學(xué)說(shuō)；理論→theoretical adj.理論上的

　　4．globe n．球體；地球儀；地球→global adj.全球性的；全世界的

　　5．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；強(qiáng)暴的→violence n．暴力→violently adv.猛烈地

　　6．a(chǎn)tmosphere n．大氣層；氣氛

　　7．unlike prep.不同；不像→dislike vt.不喜歡

　　8．presence n．出席；到場(chǎng)；存在→present adj. & n. & v．在場(chǎng)的；目前，現(xiàn)在；出席；頒發(fā)，授予

　　9．harmful adj.有害的；傷害的→harm n．危害，害處→harmless adj.無(wú)害的

　　10．exist vi.存在，生存→existence n．存在，生存

　　11．puzzle n．謎；難題vt. & vi.(使)迷惑；(使)為難→puzzled adj.迷惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的

　　12．gravity n．萬(wàn)有引力；重力

　　13．satellite n．衛(wèi)星；人造衛(wèi)星

　　14．climate n．氣候

　　15．spaceship n．宇宙飛船

　　16．pull n. & vt.拉(力)；拖；牽引力

　　17．float vi. & vt.(使)浮動(dòng)；(使)漂浮 n．漂浮物

　　18．mass n．質(zhì)量；團(tuán)；塊；大量；(復(fù))群眾

　　●重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)

　　1．in time　　　　　　　及時(shí)；終于

　　2．lay eggs  下蛋

　　3．give birth to  產(chǎn)生；分娩

　　4．in one’s turn  輪到某人；接著

　　5．prevent...from  阻止；制止

　　6．block out  擋住(光線)

　　7．cheer up  感到高興；感到振奮

　　8．now that  既然

　　9．break out  突發(fā)；爆發(fā)

　　10．watch out  密切注視；當(dāng)心；提防

　　11．cool down  冷卻

　　12．a(chǎn)s well as  也；還有……

　　13．depend on  依靠；依賴，取決于

　　14．get close to  靠近

　　●重點(diǎn)句型

　　1．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.

　　這就形成一個(gè)連鎖反應(yīng)，使生命發(fā)展成為可能。

　　2．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.

　　而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步時(shí)，我發(fā)覺(jué)我被送出很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。

　　3．...walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.……既然重力改變了，行走的確需要一些練習(xí)。

　　●高考范文

　　(2009·陜西卷)

　　假定你是李華。在一個(gè)英文網(wǎng)絡(luò)論壇上，你看到一個(gè)名叫Grown－up的中學(xué)生發(fā)帖(post)尋求幫助，請(qǐng)根據(jù)帖子內(nèi)容、寫作要點(diǎn)和要求回貼。

　　Grown－up    Post at 18－5－2009 20：08

　　?    Hi, everyone，

　　I'm 17 years old and I am going to university this autumn. But my mother continues to treat me as a seven－year－old. What should I do?

　　TOP

　　Last Topic　Next Topic    ＋REPLY�。玁EW

　　寫作要點(diǎn)：

　　1．告訴Grown－up要理解母親；

　　2．給Grown－up提出解決問(wèn)題的具體建議。

　　要求：

　　1.短文需寫在答題卡的指定區(qū)域。

　　2.短文詞數(shù)不少于80(不含已寫好的部分)。

　　3.內(nèi)容充實(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，語(yǔ)意連貫。

　　4.書(shū)寫須清晰、工整。

　　Hi, Grown－up，

　　As a student of your age, I understand your situation.

　　____________________________________________________

　　____________________________________________________

　　[范文]

　　Hi，Grown－up，

　　As a student of your age,  I understand your situation. The problem you are facing is common among our teenagers. However, it should be wise not to do anything that may hurt her feelings. Here are a few suggestions.

　　First, it's advisable to talk more with your mom. I learnt talks help you understand each other better. They are also opportunities to let her know your ideas of and attitudes toward many things.

　　Second, you should learn to do your own things well, proving to your mom that you are already a “grown－up”， It's even better if you could share more of the housework, such as cleaning, washing and cooking.

　　考 點(diǎn) 探 究

　　互動(dòng)探究·能力備考

　�、�.詞匯短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)

　　1．harmful adj. 有害的；傷害的

　　harm n．&vt. 損傷；傷害

　　harmless adj. 無(wú)害的

　　harmlessness n. 無(wú)害

　　be harmful to 對(duì)……有害

　　do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 對(duì)某人有害

　　do more harm than good 弊大于利

　　There is (no) harm in (sb.‘s) doing sth.

　　(某人)做某事有(無(wú))害處。

　　It does (no) harm (for sb.) to do sth. (對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō))

　　做某事有(無(wú))害處。

　　mean no harm 沒(méi)有惡意

　　[即學(xué)即練1](1)Fruit juice can ______ __________ ______ children‘s teeth.果汁可能損壞兒童的牙齒。

　　(2)What he did _________ his reputation.

　　他所做的損害了他的名聲。

　　be

　　harmful

　　to

　　harmed

　　(3)He may look fierce, but he _________ ______ ______.

　　他可能看上去很兇，但并無(wú)惡意。

　　(4)The court case will ______ ______ ______ ______ my business.這起訴訟案件將嚴(yán)重?fù)p害我的生意。

　　means

　　no

　　harm

　　do

　　serious

　　harm

　　to

　　2．exist vi. 存在；生存；維持生活

　　existent adj. 存在的，現(xiàn)存的　existence n. 存在，生存

　　There exists/existed....某地有……，存在……

　　exist in 存在于……之中

　　exist on 靠……為生

　　exist by 靠……生存

　　come into existence 開(kāi)始存在；成立

　　bring into existence 使發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生

　　[即學(xué)即練2](1)________ always ________ a force of attraction between two bodies. 兩物體間總是存在著吸引力。

　　(2)They ______ ______ very little food.

　　他們靠極少的食物來(lái)生存。

　　(3)That word doesn‘t ______ in English.

　　英語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有這個(gè)詞。

　　There

　　exists

　　exist

　　on

　　exist

　　(4)Fish can't ______ ______ ______ ______.

　　魚(yú)離開(kāi)水就不能生存。

　　(5)When did the world ______ ______ ______________？

　　世界是什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始產(chǎn)生的？

　　exist

　　out

　　of

　　water

　　come

　　into

　　existence

　　3．puzzle vt. 使困惑；使糊涂　n. 難題；謎

　　puzzling adj. 令人困惑的

　　puzzled adj. 感到困惑的

　　puzzle about/over sth. 苦苦思索；仔細(xì)琢磨

　　puzzle sth. out 琢磨出……的答案；開(kāi)動(dòng)腦筋

　　be in a puzzle about sth. 對(duì)某事迷惑不解

　　set a puzzle for sb.(＝set sb. a puzzle) 出個(gè)謎語(yǔ)叫某人猜

　　be puzzled by 被……迷惑

　　[即學(xué)即練3](1)It's quite ______ ______ ______ us why he did that.

　　他為何做那樣的事，我們完全搞不懂。

　　(2)This sentence _________ me. 這個(gè)句子令我困惑。

　　(3)I ______ ________ how to solve the problem.

　　我不知道怎樣解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

　　(4)The question is ________ to me. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題令我困惑。

　　a

　　puzzle

　　to

　　puzzles

　　was

　　puzzled

　　puzzling

　　4．in one’s turn輪到某人；接著

　　in turn依次；輪流；轉(zhuǎn)而；反過(guò)來(lái)

　　by turns輪流；交替

　　take one’s turn輪到某人做……了

　　take turns依次；輪班，輪流

　　on the turn正在轉(zhuǎn)變，正在變化

　　out of turn不合時(shí)宜地，魯莽地

　　[即學(xué)即練4](1)The girls called out their names ______ ______.

　　那些女孩兒逐一報(bào)出了自己的名字。

　　(2)We make every effort to make more films, and ______ ______ this creates further environmental pollution.

　　我們?cè)诮吡ι�產(chǎn)出更多的電影，反過(guò)來(lái)這又造成了進(jìn)一步的環(huán)境污染。

　　in

　　turn

　　in

　　turn

　　(3)We kept watch ______ ______.

　�。絎e ______ ______ to keep watch.

　　我們輪流守望。

　　by

　　turns

　　took

　　turns

　　5．prevent...from 阻止；制止

　　stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

　　keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

　　protect sb. from...保護(hù)某人不受……侵襲，擋住，防御

　　keep sb. doing sth. 讓某人一直做某事

　　[即學(xué)即練5](1)What can we do to ___________________ this disease ______ ___________？我們能做什么來(lái)防止這種疾病蔓延呢？

　　(2)Don't ______ others ________ for long.不要讓別人等太久。

　　prevent/stop/keep

　　from

　　spreading

　　keep

　　waiting

　　提示：(1)在被動(dòng)句中 from 均不能省略。如：

　　We were stopped/prevented/kept from going out by the heavy rain.

　　大雨使我們無(wú)法外出。

　　(2)protect...from...中 from后接能帶來(lái)傷害或損害之事物。如：

　　They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind. 他們擠在一起，免受風(fēng)吹。

　　6．cheer up 感到高興；感到振奮

　　cheer sb. up 使某人高興；使某人振奮

　　cheer on 為……加油

　　cheer sb.  為某人喝彩

　　with good cheer 欣然地

　　Cheers! 干杯！祝你健康！(用于祝酒)

　　[即學(xué)即練6](1)______ ______！ The news isn't too bad.

　　振作一點(diǎn)吧！也不是什么太壞的消息。

　　(2)Every time an English runner won a race, the crowd _________.每次英國(guó)選手贏得賽跑冠軍，觀眾就歡呼。

　　(3)The crowd __________ their favourite horse ______.

　　觀眾都替他們看好的馬加油。

　　Cheer

　　up

　　cheered

　　cheered

　　on

　　7．break out (戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、災(zāi)難、瘟疫等)突發(fā)；爆發(fā)(無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

　�、賂he Second World War broke out in September 1939.

　　“二戰(zhàn)”是1939年9月爆發(fā)的。

　�、贏 fire broke out in the neighborhood last night.

　　昨晚居民區(qū)里發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。

　　拓展：break away from 脫離(政黨等)；打破(陳套等)

　　break down 出故障，拋錨；(計(jì)劃等)失��；(身體、精神等)垮掉；打倒，砸破；(化合物等)分解

　　break in 破門而入；闖入；打斷(話語(yǔ)等)

　　break into  破門而入，突然……起來(lái)

　　break off 折斷；突然中止，斷絕，結(jié)束

　　break through 突破

　　break up 打碎，拆散；散開(kāi)，解散；(學(xué)校)期末放假，(集會(huì))結(jié)束

　　break into pieces 成為碎片

　　[即學(xué)即練7]　介、副詞填空

　　(1)She started to speak, then broke ______ while a waitress served us with coffee.

　　(2)He lost his job and his marriage broke ______.

　　(3)Her health broke ________ under the pressure of work.

　　off

　　up

　　down

　　(4)Should another world war break ______， what would become of human beings?

　　(5)Firemen had to break the door ______ to reach the people trapped inside.

　　(6)The meeting broke ______ at eleven o'clock.

　　out

　　down

　　up

　　8．watch out 注意；當(dāng)心

　　watch out(for)＝ look out (for)

　　密切注意；留神

　　take care 留神，注意

　　be careful 仔細(xì)，留神

　　watch it 當(dāng)心，小心

　　watch over 照看；看守

　　keep a close watch/eye on 密切注視

　　[即學(xué)即練8](1)______ ______！ There is a car coming!

　　當(dāng)心！有車來(lái)了！

　　(2)______ ______ ______ cars while crossing the road.

　　過(guò)馬路時(shí)要當(dāng)心車輛。

　　(3)______ ______ not to catch a cold.＝______ ______ not to catch a cold. 當(dāng)心別著涼。

　　Watch

　　out

　　Watch

　　out

　　for

　　Be

　　careful

　　Take

　　care

　�、�.重點(diǎn)句型詳解

　　1．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.

　　這就形成一個(gè)連鎖反應(yīng)，使生命發(fā)展成為可能。

　　本句中 it做形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)為不定式短語(yǔ) for life to develop。it做形式賓語(yǔ)還可以代替動(dòng)名詞或從句。

　　①He thinks it his duty to help others.

　　他認(rèn)為幫助別人是他的職責(zé)。

　　②He made it a rule to get up at six every morning.

　　他把每天早晨6點(diǎn)起床作為一項(xiàng)規(guī)定。

　　③We consider it no use going to the seaside.

　　我們認(rèn)為去海邊沒(méi)用處。

　　④We all consider it a pity that you didn‘t come to the party.

　　我們都認(rèn)為你沒(méi)有來(lái)參加聚會(huì)很遺憾。

　�、軮 hate it when people speak with their mouths full.

　　我不喜歡人們說(shuō)話時(shí)嘴里有滿滿的東西。

　�、轞ou may depend on it that we’re honest.

　　你可以相信我們是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。

　　拓展：it還可以做形式主語(yǔ)，代替真正的主語(yǔ)——不定式(或不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))、動(dòng)名詞(或動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))或從句。

　　(1)It's＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth. 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是……的。

　　(2)It's＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事……

　　(3)It's/was/...who/that...是某人/某物做……

　　(4)It is/was the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that...＋主語(yǔ)＋have/had done...

　　這是某人第……次做……

　　(5)It is (high) time that...＋主語(yǔ)＋did/should do...

　　是……該做……的時(shí)候了。

　　(6)It's said/reported/believed/announced that...

　　據(jù)說(shuō)/據(jù)報(bào)道/據(jù)猜測(cè)/據(jù)稱……

　　(7)It‘s a pity/a shame/a wonder...that...

　　可惜/遺憾/奇怪……的是……

　　(8)It happens/appears/seems that... 恰巧/看來(lái)/好像……

　　(9)It looks/seems as if... 看起來(lái)好像……

　　(10)It’s up to sb. to do... 該某人做……了

　　[即境活用1]　(1)He didn't make ______ clear when and where the meeting would be held.

　　A．this　　　　　　　　　B．that

　　C．it                    D．these

　　解析：it做形式賓語(yǔ)，真正賓語(yǔ)為 when and where從句。

　　答案：C

　　(2)I'd appreciate ______ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.

　　A．that          B．it

　　C．this          D．you

　　解析：it做形式賓語(yǔ)，代替 if從句。

　　答案：B

　　2．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.

　　而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步時(shí)，我發(fā)覺(jué)我被送出很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。

　　倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式有：

　　(1)“A＋倍數(shù)＋形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)＋than＋B”，表示“A比B大(長(zhǎng)、高、寬等)多少倍”。

　　(2)“A＋倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)＋as＋B”，表示“A是B的多少倍”。

　　(3)“A＋倍數(shù)＋the size/height/length/width, etc.＋of＋B”，表示“A是B的多少倍”。

　　(4)“A＋倍數(shù)＋what從句”，表示“A是……的多少倍”。

　�、貯sia is four times as large as Europe.

　　＝The size of Asia is four times that of Europe.

　�。紸sia is four times the size of Europe.

　�。紸sia is three times larger than Europe.

　　亞洲是歐洲的四倍大(比歐洲大三倍)。

　�、贠ur total income of 1994 was double that of 1992.

　　我們1994年的總收入是1992年的兩倍。

　　③The production now is three times what it was ten years ago.現(xiàn)在的產(chǎn)量是十年前的三倍。

　　[即境活用2]　(1)Though it's a challenging job, he did it ______ it took me.

　　A．onethird a time          B．onethird time

　　C．the onethird time          D．onethird the time

　　解析：考查倍數(shù)比較的句型，即“倍數(shù)＋the＋n.”結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　答案：D

　　(2)What a table! I've never seen such a thing before. It is ______ it is long.

　　A．half not as wide as          B．wide not as half as

　　C．not half as wide as          D．a(chǎn)s wide as not half

　　解析：考查倍數(shù)比較 half＋as...as。

　　答案：C

　　3．...walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed. ……既然重力改變了，行走的確需要一些練習(xí)

　　(1)句中 does need是一種強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。

　�、僭谝话憔湫椭�，do (does, did)常用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣，在句中要重讀，譯為“真的”“的確”“確實(shí)”等。

　　You do look nice today. 你今天看起來(lái)真的很漂亮。

　　Jack said he would come and he did come.

　　杰克說(shuō)他要來(lái)，他果真來(lái)了。

　　②在祈使句中，do表示強(qiáng)烈的請(qǐng)求，而不是命令，有時(shí)它可以使邀請(qǐng)對(duì)方的心意顯得更加客氣、熱情、友好，而且親切，此時(shí)的 do可譯為“千萬(wàn)，務(wù)必”等。

　　Please do sit down. 務(wù)必請(qǐng)坐下。

　　Do be careful next time. 下次千萬(wàn)要小心。

　　(2)now that 在句中引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于 since，意為“既然，由于”，that 可省略。

　　Now that you have finished your work, you‘d better have a rest. 既然工作已經(jīng)做完了，你最好休息一下。

　　辨析：now that/because/since/as/for

　　now that 說(shuō)明已經(jīng)成為事實(shí)的原因，常譯為“既然”。

　　because 語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，回答的是用 why提問(wèn)的問(wèn)句，表示直接的或?yàn)槿怂�不知的原因�?br />
　　since與 as語(yǔ)氣較 because 弱，表示顯而易見(jiàn)或已為人所知的原因。since 側(cè)重主句，as主從并重，語(yǔ)氣比 since 弱。

　　for是連詞，用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明理由或提供一種解釋，不一定是真正的原因，不能放在主句前面。

　　—Why did you do this? 你為什么這么做？

　　—Because it is good for you. 因?yàn)檫@對(duì)你有好處。

　　Since you have known it, I won‘t repeat it.

　　既然你已經(jīng)知道了，我就不重復(fù)了。

　　Wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking.

　　穿上結(jié)實(shí)的鞋子，因?yàn)槲覀円�走不少路�?br />
　　It rained last night, for the ground is wet.

　　昨晚下雨了，因?yàn)榈孛媸菨竦摹?br />
　　[即境活用3]　(1)In my opinion, what Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng ______ good to our country's international positions.

　　A．did do does      B．did does do

　　C．does did do      D．do do did

　　解析：第一個(gè) did是 what主語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；第二個(gè) does強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ) do good to，故選B。

　　答案：B

　　易 錯(cuò) 點(diǎn) 撥

　　自我完善·誤區(qū)備考

　　1. unlike/dislike/alike/likely

　　(1)unlike prep.不同；不像

　　(2)dislike vt. 不喜歡

　　(3)alike adj. 相似的，同樣的

　　(4)likely adj. 很可能發(fā)生的，有希望的

　　解析：now that 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于 since，意為：既然。

　　答案：D

　　[應(yīng)用1]　用 unlike, dislike, alike, likely的適當(dāng)形式填空：

　　(1)The twins look very much ______.

　　(2)________ his brother, he ________ playing football.

　　(3)We all think he is ______ to win.

　　alike

　　Unlike

　　dislikes

　　likely

　　2. pull/drag/draw

　　(1)pull是普通用語(yǔ)，指一時(shí)或突然用力拉，與push相對(duì)。有時(shí)可用于把某人某物拖、拉到某目的地的或固定的方向。

　　(2)drag是指“拖”“拉”著笨重的物體擦著地面，緩慢而費(fèi)力地拖、拉動(dòng)作。

　　(3)draw是指“拖”“拉”的物體向自己所在的方向移動(dòng)，而且拖、拉的動(dòng)作是從容的、不太費(fèi)勁的。

　　[應(yīng)用2]　(1)She _________a truck out from under the bed.

　　(2)______ the door open. Don’t push it.

　　(3)______ your chair up to the table.

　　(4)The ants are _________ pieces of corn.

　　dragged

　　Pull

　　Draw

　　pulling

　　3. in time/at a time/at one time/on time/in no time/at times/at no time

　　in time及時(shí)；總有一天；終于

　　on time按時(shí)

　　at one time曾經(jīng)，一度

　　at a time一次，同時(shí)

　　at times有時(shí)

　　at no time決不，在任何時(shí)候都不

　　in no time立刻，馬上

　　[應(yīng)用3]　(1)This kind of social phenomenon could exist only for a few months, but it will disappear __________.

　　(2)_____________ she wanted to be a nurse, but the thought of working at night put her off.

　　(3)They ran all the way to the corner just ________ to catch the bus.

　　in no time

　　At one time

　　in time

　　(4)My honey, life is very difficult and cruel _________. Wipe your tears.

　　(5)Deal with your questions separately, one ______.

　　(6)Be sure to be _________. The meeting is very important.

　　(7)___________ will we give up.

　　at times

　　at a time

　　on time

　　At no time

　　高 效 作 業(yè)

　　自我測(cè)評(píng)·技能備考

　　Ⅰ.單詞拼寫

　　1．He was interested in a__________________ and always stayed up at night to watch the stars.

　　2．Not long ago a v___________ earthquake occurred off the coast of Indonesia.

　　3．Computer hackers have broken down security s____________，raising questions about the safety of information.

　　4．Too much sugar can be h________ to children's teeth.

　　astronomy

　　violent

　　systems

　　harmful

　　5．The three－star hotel offers a friendly

　　a______________________ and personal service.

　　6．China has sent up another ______ (人造衛(wèi)星) into space.

　　7．There is a lot of rubbish ___________(漂浮) on the surface of the river.

　　8．_____________ (理論) is based on practice.

　　9．The__________ (氣候) is different from place to place.

　　10. 6 _______________ (乘) by 5 is 30.

　　atmosphere

　　satellite

　　floating

　　Theory

　　climate

　　multiplied

　　Ⅱ .單項(xiàng)選擇

　　1．—I‘m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can‘t pass this time.

　　—______！ I’m sure you‘ll make it.

　　A．Go ahead　　　　　　        B．Good luck

　　C．No problem              D．Cheer up

　　答案：D

　　解析：考查交際用語(yǔ)。cheer up 用于鼓勵(lì)別人：振奮起來(lái)，別灰心。

　　2．(2010·湖北百校聯(lián)考)With the words, he ______ a wide mouth jar from his pocket and set it on the table in front of him.

　　A．pulled out      B．checked out

　　C．stuck out      D．dropped out

　　答案：A

　　解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)意表示他從口袋里拿出一個(gè)廣口瓶，用pull out表示“抽，從……中抽出來(lái)”。check out“結(jié)帳離去，辦妥手續(xù)離去”；stick out“堅(jiān)持，突出，伸出”；drop out“退出，退學(xué)”。

　　3．As the busiest woman in Norton, she made ______ her duty to look after all the other people‘s affairs in that town.

　　A．this          B．that

　　C．one          D．it

　　解析：考查 it做形式賓語(yǔ)，真正賓語(yǔ)為不定式短語(yǔ) to look after...。

　　答案：D

　　4．Completely lost in the exciting ______ of the football match, Tom didn‘t feel his pocket picked.

　　A．scene              B．view

　　C．a(chǎn)tmosphere          D．sight

　　答案：C

　　解析：考查名詞辨析。atmosphere 在此指“氣氛；氛圍”。

　　5．Many Europeans ______ the continent of Africa in the 19th century.

　　A．exploded          B．exposed

　　C．explored              D．expanded

　　答案：C

　　解析：句意為：許多歐洲人在19世紀(jì)對(duì)非洲大陸進(jìn)行了探索。explode爆炸；expose暴露，顯示；explore探索；expand擴(kuò)大。

　　6．It’s ______ for the Shenzhou Ⅶ spaceship that every Chinese feels cheerful and proud.

　　A．so a successful flight

　　B．so successful a flight

　　C．such successful a flight

　　D．a(chǎn) such successful flight

　　答案：B

　　解析：考查such...that和so...that句型。句意為：對(duì)于“神七”來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一次極為成功的飛行，以至于每個(gè)中國(guó)人都為之高興和自豪。“so＋adj.＋a＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”或“such＋a＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”。

　　7．He has ______ letters to answer and has to work from morning to night.

　　A．much              B．a(chǎn) great deal of

　　C．masses of          D．the number of

　　答案：C

　　解析：考查修飾名詞表“大量”的詞的辨析。masses of相當(dāng)于plenty of，意為“許多；大量”。A、B兩項(xiàng)用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞；the number of意為“……的數(shù)目”，與題意不符。

　　8．(2010·陜西西安質(zhì)檢)We were scared to death when the fire ______. Fortunately, it was put out before it caused much damage.

　　A．broke out          B．came out

　　C．gave out              D．turned out

　　答案：A

　　解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。break out表示“(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、打斗等不愉快事件)突然發(fā)生”；come out表示“出發(fā)，發(fā)芽”；give out表示“分發(fā)，用完”；turn out表示“結(jié)果是，生產(chǎn)”。語(yǔ)意：突如其來(lái)的大火把我們嚇得要死，幸好被撲滅了，沒(méi)有造成很大損失。A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)意。

　　9．At the ______ news, there was a ______ expression on his face.

　　A．puzzled; puzzling      B．puzzling; puzzle

　　C．puzzling; puzzled      D．puzzled; puzzle

　　答案：C

　　解析：第一空用 puzzling “令人迷惑的”修飾 news；第二空指“迷惑的表情”用 puzzled。

　　10．Do you think ______ life on Mars?

　　A．it exists          B．there exists

　　C．it is existed      D．there is existed

　　答案：B

　　解析：考查There exists ...句式，意為“某地存在某物”。exist v. 存在。

　　11．All possible means ______. However, nothing can ______ him dying of lung cancer.

　　A．has tried; stop

　　B．have tried; keep

　　C．has been tried; prevent

　　D．have been tried; stop

　　答案：D

　　解析：第一空主語(yǔ) means 是單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，有 all修飾，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，且為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；第二空 stop和 prevent 都對(duì)，但 keep...from中 from不能省略。

　　12．______， I lost heart in English learning, but my teacher often said to me, “Keep on working hard, and you‘ll succeed______.”

　　A．At a time; in time          B．At a time; on time

　　C．At one time; in time          D．At one time; on time

　　答案：C

　　解析：第一空填 at one time “曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間”，第二空填 in time “遲早”。at a time “一次”；on time “按時(shí)”。

　　13．(2010·北京東城期末)Water, which seems so simple and common, is ______ makes life possible.

　　A．what          B．that

　　C．which          D．how

　　答案：A

　　解析：考查表語(yǔ)從句。名詞性從句的解題原則是“缺什么補(bǔ)什么”，此處表語(yǔ)從句“______ makes life possible”中缺少“主語(yǔ)”，同時(shí)“主語(yǔ)”不表示“人”，用what(表示人時(shí)應(yīng)該選用who或者whom)。所以選A項(xiàng)。

　　14．______you‘ve passed the final exam, you can prepare for the coming holiday.

　　A．Now that          B．As soon as

　　C．Although          D．If

　　答案：A

　　解析：考查狀語(yǔ)從句。now that 可引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“既然”。

　　15．Some parts in South China have experienced ______this year as they did last year.

　　A．twice as much rain      B．rain twice as much

　　C．a(chǎn)s twice much rain      D．twice rain as much

　　答案：A

　　解析：考查倍數(shù)比較 twice as much ...as。

　　Ⅲ .閱讀理解

　　A

　　Vincent Van Gogh (30 March 1853～29 July 1890) was a Dutch post－Impressionist artist. He was considered one of the greatest artists with great influence on 20th century art.

　　Van Gogh spent his early adult life working for a firm of art dealers. After a brief period as a teacher, he became a missionary(傳教士) worker in a very poor mining region. He did not begin his career as an artist until 1880; however during the last ten years of his life, he produced more than 2 000 pieces, including around 900 paintings and 1 100 drawings and sketches(素描).

　　He worked only with sombre(昏暗的) colours until he met Impressionism and neo－Impressionism in Paris. Van Gogh incorporated(合并) their brighter colours and style of painting into a uniquely recognizable style. Most of his best－known works were produced during his final two years, when he was suffering from serious mental illness.

　　In 1890, at the age of 37, Van Gogh shot himself in the chest. He died two days later, with Theo, his brother and his best friend, at his side, who reported his last words as “The sadness will last forever”. Theo, unable to come to terms with his brother's death died 6 months later and was buried next to him. It would not take long before his fame grew higher and higher.

　　Vincent Van Gogh's mother threw away quite a number of his paintings during Vincent's life and even after his death. But she would live long enough to see her son become a world famous painter.

　　The only painting he sold during his lifetime, The Red Vineyard, was created in 1888. It is now on display in the Pushkin Museum in Moscow, Russia. Several paintings by Van Gogh rank among the most expensive paintings in the world.

　　On March 30, 1987 Van Gogh's painting Irises was sold for a record $53.9 million at Southeby's, New York. On May 15, 1990 his Portrait of Doctor Gachet was sold for $82.5 million at Christie's, thus establishing a new price record.

　　1．What's the right order of Van Gogh's life experience?

　　a．worked as a teacher

　　b．took up drawing

　　c．worked in an art firm

　　d．worked as a missionary worker

　　A．c, a, b, d          B．c, a, d, b

　　C．b, c, a, d          D．b, a, c, d

　　答案及解析：

　　1．B。細(xì)節(jié)題。由第三段可知B項(xiàng)正確敘述了梵高的人生經(jīng)歷。

　　2．Which words can best describe Van Gogh's later years?

　　A．Sad and boring.

　　B．Normal and peaceful.

　　C．Happy but fruitless.

　　D．Painful but productive.

　　答案解析:D。推斷題。根據(jù)文章可知，梵高晚年患有嚴(yán)重的精神疾病(serious mental illness)，而他的大部分著名作品創(chuàng)造于生命的最后兩年，由此可以判斷他的晚年是“痛苦而又多產(chǎn)的”。

　　3．Why did Van Gogh kill himself?

　　A．Because he was a failure as an artist.

　　B．Because he had an unhappy family.

　　C．Because he lost his beloved brother.

　　D．Because he was suffering from mental illness.

　　答案解析:D。細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段結(jié)尾告訴我們，梵高晚年患有嚴(yán)重的精神疾病，第dg 段開(kāi)頭接著說(shuō)梵高自殺，由此可知D項(xiàng)正確。

　　4．What can we learn from the passage?

　　A．Van Gogh didn't become famous until he died.

　　B．Van Gogh drew and sold many paintings in his life.

　　C．Van Gogh achieved great success during his lifetime.

　　D．Van Gogh drew most of his paintings between 1888 and 1890.

　　4．答案解析:A。推斷題。結(jié)合最后一段開(kāi)頭The only painting he sold during his lifetime...和第三段結(jié)尾It would not take long before his fame grew higher and higher.可以判斷梵高生前并不輝煌，只是死后才聲名大噪，故A項(xiàng)正確。

　　本文是一篇對(duì)比文，特點(diǎn)是平行論述，沒(méi)有主次之分，作者不發(fā)表態(tài)度和結(jié)論，一般兩種觀點(diǎn)的開(kāi)頭可當(dāng)做文章主旨。

　　B

　　Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge(劇增)of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse(反面)of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi?paycheck household could encourage marriage. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision.

　　Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to putting off marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy comes to life, the number of marriages also rises.

　　The increase in divorce rates follows to the increase in women working outside the home. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause?and?effect conclusions. The impact of a wife's work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage.

　　But the reverse is equally plausible(似是而非的). Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. By raising a family's standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family's financial and emotional stability.

　　Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.

　　Also, a major part of women's inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.

　　5. The word “portend” (line 2, para.1) is closest in meaning to“______”．

　　A. defy                 B. signal

　　C. suffer from           D. result from

　　答案解析:B。詞義題。根據(jù)句意不難理解portend是“預(yù)示”的意思。signal也有“顯示”的意思；defy不服從，反抗；suffer from忍受，遭受；result from由……產(chǎn)生。

　　6. It is said in the passage that when the economy slides ______.

　　A. men would choose working women as their marriage partners

　　B. more women would get married to seek financial security

　　C. even working women would worry about their marriages

　　D. more people would prefer to remain single for the time being

　　6.答案解析: D。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干的the economy slides等于原文的economic downturns。第一段提到經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷時(shí)期人們傾向推遲婚姻，因?yàn)殡p方不能承擔(dān)一個(gè)家庭或者擔(dān)心更窘迫的日子。D符合原文意思。

　　7. If women find fulfillment through work outside the home, ______.

　　A. they are more likely to dominate their marriage partners

　　B. their husbands are expected to do more housework

　　C. their marriage ties can be strengthened

　　D. they tend to put their career before marriage

　　答案解析： C。細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段最后一句可知選項(xiàng)C正確。

　　8. One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that ______.

　　A. they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom

　　B. they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbands

　　C. they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectations

　　D. they tend to suspect their husbands, loyalty to their marriage

　　8.答案解析： A。細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段第二句提到不能外出工作的婦女會(huì)感到被關(guān)在籠子里，相當(dāng)于“they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom”“她們感到被剝奪了自由。”

　　9. Which of the following statements can best summarize the author's view in the passage?

　　A. The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the country.

　　B. Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in marriage.

　　C. In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain independent.

　　D. The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case.

　　9. 答案解析：D。主旨題。用排除法解題。A因果顛倒，排除；B文章從未提及；C以偏蓋全；只有D，女性外出工作對(duì)婚姻的影響各不一樣，這準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)出文章的兩種平行的相反觀點(diǎn)。