2012高考英語復(fù)習(xí)：高考英語詞匯400題及詳解（四）

　　151. We can't _____ one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.

　　   A. hope    B. wait    C. expect    D. imagine

　　[答案]C. expert.

　　[注釋]expert期望，盼望，表示認(rèn)為有很大的客觀可能性，例如：I expert the work to be finished by Friday.（我期望這項(xiàng)工作能在星期五前做完。）wait for ... to do sth.等待、等待......做......，強(qiáng)調(diào)“等”這一動(dòng)詞的本身，如：The audience are waiting eagerly for the performance to begin.(觀眾正等著演出開始。)本題如改為這樣：I waited for him to arrive in time for dinner, but he didn't come.(我等他來趕上晚餐，但他沒有來。)則句子使是對(duì)的。由此可見，expect是表示“期待”，而wait for 是表示“等待”，詞義完全不同。注意hope后不能接sb. to do sth.。imagine being on the moon. 3)I'm sorry, but I can't imagine anyone doing research like that.(很遺憾，我不能想象人家那樣做實(shí)驗(yàn)。)

　　本題譯文：我們不能期望一個(gè)人在這樣短的時(shí)間內(nèi)改變一輩子養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣。

　　152. It was necessary to _____ the factory building as the company was doing more and more business.

　　   A. extend    B. increase    C. lengthen    D. magnify

　　[答案]A. extend.

　　[注釋]本題中extend意為“擴(kuò)大”。lengthen拉長(zhǎng),延長(zhǎng)。magnify放大。 Spread vi. 傳播；vt.展開；He spread butter on the toast.(他在烤面包上涂上奶油。)

　　153. I asked the tailor to make a small _____ to my trousers because they were too long.

　　A. change  B. variation  C. revision  D. alteration

　　[答案]D alteration.

　　[注釋]alteration 修正，更改，尤指部分的改變。Change改變，變化，可指表面的、本質(zhì)的、內(nèi)在的變化。Revision修訂、修正，常指文章、詞典、劇本等的修改、訂正。Variation(形式、位置、條件的)變化、改變、變動(dòng)：We need some variation in our daily routine.(我們的例行公事需要作些變動(dòng)。)

　　154. Because of the strong sun Mrs. William's new dining room curtains _____ from dark blue to gray within a year.

　　A. faded    B. fainted    C. paled    D. diminished

　　[答案]A. faded.

　　[注釋]fade vt/vi褪色。Faint暈到，變得虛弱：He fainted from hunger. Diminish vt./vi.減少：1)His illness diminished his strength. 2)The campers' food supply diminished as the days wore on.(隨著日子的緩緩消逝，野營(yíng)者的食品供應(yīng)日益減少。)pale變蒼白。

　　155. Jack is good, kind, hard-working and intelligent. _____, I can't speak too highly of him.

　　   A. As a result     B. By the way

　　   C. On the whole    D. In a word

　　[答案]D. In a word.

　　[注釋]in a word(=in short)總之，簡(jiǎn)言之。

　　本題是測(cè)試“過度詞”，考生務(wù)必根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系來選擇適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞，使句子的意思前后連貫。

　　156. Evidence obtained from observation and experiment is often used to _____ a scientific theory.

　　   A. confirm    B. confine    C. conform    D. conceive

　　[答案]A. confirm.

　　[注釋] confirm(=support; make certain; give proof of)證實(shí)，確實(shí)：1)Please confirm your telephone message in writing.(請(qǐng)把你電話中所說的話再用文字復(fù)述一篇。) 2)The king confirmed that the election would be on June 20th.(國(guó)王確認(rèn)，這次選擇將于六月二十日舉行。)confine...to把......限制于：Please confine your remarks to the subject we are talking about.(請(qǐng)把你的話限止于我們正在談?wù)摰念}目。)conform (to)使一致，符合，遵守。Conceive 1)想到，想出：He very quickly conceived a new plan.[注意]conceive of想象:They could not conceive of the possibility of failure.(他們不能想象失敗的可能。)

　　157. Political parties often differ in their views on various _____ concerning their own countries.

　　A. ways    B. measures    C. issues    D. patterns

　　[答案]c. issues.

　　[注釋]issue此處意為“重大問題”。measure措施，雖然填入本題也說得過去，但不夠貼切。pattern模式，圖案，圖樣。與題意不符，不能入選。way 方法，方式。

　　158. _____ his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.

　　   A. In spite of      B. On account of

　　   C. Regardless of    D. Instead of

　　[答案]B. On account of

　　[注釋]on account of(=because of)由于，因?yàn)�。regardless of(=without worrying about)不顧；Regardless of danger, he climbed the tower.

　　159. The lawyer was expected to _____ some proposals after reading all those documents.

　　   A. come up with    B. put up with

　　   C. look up to      D. keep up with

　　[答案]A. come up with.

　　[注釋]come up with提出。參閱Ⅲ，33。注釋。Put up with忍受；keep up with跟上，與......保持一致；look up to尊敬。

　　160. While typing, Helen has a habit of stopping _____ to give her long and flowing hair a smooth.

　　   A. occasionally    B. simultaneously

　　   C. eventually      D. directly

　　[答案]A. occasionally.

　　[注釋]occasionally 偶爾。參閱IV。137注釋。Simultaniously同時(shí)地；  directly直接

　　161. In my opinion, you can widen the _____ of these improvements through your active participation.

　　   A. dimension    B. volume    C. magnitude    D. scope

　　[答案]D. scope.

　　[注釋]scope(=the area within the limits of a questions, subject ect. ; range)(活動(dòng))范圍，機(jī)會(huì)，余地：The politics of a country would be outside the scope of a book for tourists.(一個(gè)國(guó)家的政治不屬于旅游手冊(cè)的內(nèi)容范圍之內(nèi)。)

　　dimension尺寸，尺度；magnitude大小，數(shù)量；volume體積。均不切題，不能入選。

　　本題譯文：依我看，通過你的積極參與，你能夠擴(kuò)大這些改進(jìn)措施的范圍。

　　162. The noise was so _____ that only those with excellent hearing were aware of it.

　　   A. dim    B. soft    C. faint    D. gentle

　　[答案]c. faint.

　　[注釋]faint(=weak, indistinct; not clear)“微弱的，模糊的，不清楚的”。Dim(=not bright, not clearly to be seen)不亮的，看不清的；the dim light of a candle(微弱的燭光)。

　　163. If he refuses to _____ my plan, I can probably find someone more cooperative.

　　   A. put up with     B. fall in with

　　   C. do away with    D. get along with

　　[答案]B. fall in with.

　　[注釋]fall in with(=agree to)同意：Is it true that you have fallen in with them?(你真的同意他們的意見嗎？)put up with忍受。do away with廢除；殺死。get along with進(jìn)行，進(jìn)展；相處。

　　本題譯文：如果他不肯同意我的計(jì)劃，我或許能找一個(gè)更能合作的人。

　　164. Some people either _____ avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them.

　　A. violently B. sincerely  C. properly  D. deliberately

　　[答案]D. deliberately.

　　[注釋]deliberately(=on purpose)故意地。Sincerely真誠(chéng)地；violently強(qiáng)暴的，激烈的，暴力引起的。properly 1)好好地，恰當(dāng)?shù)兀籗he never makes any attempt to clean it properly.(她從來也不打算好好地把它擦干凈。) 2)嚴(yán)格地：Properly speaking, a whale is not a fish.(嚴(yán)格地說，鯨魚不是魚。)

　　165. Her skirt had been so _____ in packing that she had to iron it before going out.

　　   A. faded    B. torn    C. dirty    D. crushed

　　[答案]D. crushed.

　　[注釋]crush把......弄皺。因?yàn)楹蟀刖渲衖ron指“熨平”，所以不能選其他答案了。

　　166. His landlady gave him a week's _____ to leave the flat.

　　   A. threat    B. notice    C. advice    D. caution

　　[答案]B. notice.

　　[注釋]notice預(yù)先通知（尤用雇主、雇員或房東、房客之間）：give one's employee a month's notice (通知雇員一個(gè)月后離職)。

　　本題譯文：他的女房東通知他一周后從套間搬走。

　　167. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _____ at the other store.

　　A. anyone    B. the others    C. that    D. the ones

　　[答案]D. the ones

　　[注釋]代詞one可以用來替代前面提到過的名詞，以避免重復(fù)。如果它替代的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，則用ones。本題中它代替refrigerators；因特指，故用the ones.

　　168. When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _____.

　　A. average    B. ordinary    C. regular    D. normal

　　[答案]D. normal

　　[注釋]normal正常的；ordinary普通的；usual平常的；regular有規(guī)律的，定期的。

　　169. With the change of the economic foundation the entire immense superstructure is _____ rapidly transformed.

　　A. anything but B. more or less  C. at large  D. any more

　　[答案]B. more or less.

　　[注釋]more or less 或多或少地；anything but根本不；at large大體上；逍遙法外；詳細(xì)地。

　　本題譯文：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)的改變，整個(gè)龐大的上層建筑也或多或少地發(fā)生變革。

　　170. The author of the report is well _____ with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.

　　A. acquainted B. informed  C. enlightened  D. advised

　　[答案]A. acquainted.

　　[注釋]be acquainted with熟悉，be well informed of(about)對(duì)......消息靈通。可見，此題中應(yīng)用acquainted,因?yàn)楹竺娴亟樵~是with.

　　171. It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _____ must be taken by scientists and technologists.

　　 A. process   B. attention    C. measure    D. part

　　[答案]D. part.

　　[注釋]take part in參加。

　　本題譯文：顯然，整個(gè)世界正經(jīng)歷著一場(chǎng)社會(huì)革命；科學(xué)家和技術(shù)人員必定是這場(chǎng)革命地主要參加者。

　　172. The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more _____.

　　 A. at length    B. at last    C. at stake    D. at ease

　　[答案]C. at stake.

　　[注釋]at stake(=to be won or lost; risked, depending upon the result of sth.)在危險(xiǎn)中；利害攸關(guān)；His life itself was at stake.(他的生命本身瀕臨危險(xiǎn)。);  at last最終；at length詳細(xì)地；at ease安詳，自在，隨便，不拘束：She knew he was not at ease.(她知道，他并不自在。)

　　本題譯文：農(nóng)民們比城里人更渴望魚，因?yàn)橛晁畬?duì)農(nóng)民來說關(guān)系更大。

　　173. When the big bills for mother's hospital care came, father was glad he had money in the bank to _____.

　　   A. fall short of    B. fall through

　　   C. fall back on     D. fall in with

　　[答案]C. fall back on.

　　[注釋]fall back on求助于。參閱Ⅲ.48注釋。

　　Fall short of沒達(dá)到，低于：1)He fell short of what we had expected.(他沒有達(dá)到我們的期望。) 2)The measures proposed fall far short of what is required.(所提出的這些措施遠(yuǎn)沒達(dá)到需要的 目標(biāo)。)Fall in with與......一致，符合；同意，贊成，支持。Fall through落空。參閱Ⅲ.49注釋。

　　本題譯文：母親在醫(yī)院就醫(yī)的各種帳單送來時(shí)，父親高興的是他可用銀行里的存款來支付。

　　174. These plastic flowers look so _____ that many people think they are real.

　　A. beautiful    B. natural    C. artificial    D. similar

　　[答案]B. natural.

　　[注釋]natural自然的，與后半句“許多人認(rèn)為它們是真的”相呼應(yīng)。

　　175. The managing director promised that he would _____ me as soon as he had any further information.

　　   A. communicate    B. notice    C. notify    D. note

　　[答案]C. notify.

　　[注釋]notify通知。Notice n.通知；v.注意到；note n.筆記；v.記下，摘下。